Kayan kida na tagulla sun kasance dutsen tushe na kiɗa na ƙarni da yawa, suna jawo hankali tare da ƙarfin hali, sauti mai ƙarfi da kuma sauƙin amfani. Daga manyan zauren wasan kwaikwayo na ƙungiyar kida na gargajiya zuwa kulab ɗin jazz mai hayaki, daga ƙungiyoyin tafiye-tafiye zuwa samar da pop na zamani, masu yin kida sun tsara yanayin kiɗa a hanyoyi masu zurfi. Kayan su na fasaha, masaniya ta fasaha, da zurfin motsin zuciyar su suna ci gaba da ƙarfafa masu sauraro da mawaƙa. A cikin wannan labarin, mun bincika manyan masu yin kida na tagulla 10 na kowane lokaci artists waɗanda basirarsu, bidi'a, da tasiri sun bar alama mara ƙarewa a duniyar kiɗa. Ko kai ƙwararren mawaƙa ne ko mai sauraro mai son jin, labaran waɗannan tatsuniyoyi da gadōnansu suna ba da darasi mai kyau a cikin sadaukarwa, kerawa, da farin ciki mai kyau na yin sauti.

1. Louis Armstrong (Bakar)

Sau da yawa ana yaba masa a matsayin mahaifin tarun jazz na zamani, Louis Armstrong ya canza rawar kayan kida a cikin kiɗa mai mahimmanci. An haife shi a New Orleans a 1901, Armstrong ya tashi daga talauci ya zama ɗayan shahararrun mutane a tarihin kiɗa. Kayan aikinsa na virtuosic, sautin dumi da mai bayyanawa, da kuma kasancewar saiti mai ban sha'awa sun kafa sababbin ƙa'idodi don buga tarun da wasan kwaikwayon. Armstrong's gwaninta na haɓaka, wanda aka nuna a rikodin kamar "West End Blues" da "What a Wonderful World", ya gabatar da matakin 'yancin ma'ana da kirkirar waƙa wanda ba a taɓa ji ba. Ya shahara raira waƙa da raira waƙa kuma tasirinsa ya wuce jazz, blues, pop, da ma kiɗa na gargajiya. Gidan Armstrong ba kawai kiɗa ne ba ne amma har ma da motsawarsa na ƙirar launin fata a cikin Amurka.

Miles Davis (Ƙarƙashin Ƙaho)

Miles Davis wani mai kirkire-kirkire ne mai cike da damuwa wanda ya shafe shekaru biyar yana sake tsara tarihin jazz. An haife shi a 1926 a Alton, Illinois, Davis ya fara buga ƙaho a matsayin matashi kuma ya haxa harshe na bebop na Charlie Parker da Dizzy Gillespie da sauri. Amma basirar Davis ta kasance a cikin ikon sa na ci gaba. Ya fara aikin jazz mai sanyi tare da kundin FLT:0Birth of the Cool: 1, jazz na zamani tare da alamar FLT: 2: 2 Kind of Blue: 3 har yanzu shine mafi kyawun kundin jazz na kowane lokaci kuma daga baya ya haɗu da jazz tare da rock da funk a cikin ayyuka kamar Bitches BrewFLT: 5.

3. Wynton Marsalis (Trumpet)

Wynton Marsalis ya bayyana a farkon shekarun 1980 a matsayin mai kirki a gida a cikin yanayin gargajiya da jazz. An haife shi a 1961 a New Orleans a cikin dangin kiɗa, Marsalis ya yi karatu a Juilliard kuma ya sami karbuwa da sauri don ƙwarewarsa ta fasaha. Ya yi tarihi ta hanyar lashe kyautar Grammy a cikin nau'ikan gargajiya da jazz a cikin wannan shekarar - wani abin da ba a taɓa gani ba. A matsayin darektan fasaha na Jazz a Lincoln Center, Marsalis ya kasance mai ba da shawara mara ga ilimin jazz da kiyayewa. Albums, kamar su Black Codes (Daga karkashin kasa) FLT:1 da FLT:2Blood a kan FLT:3, suna nuna ikonsa mai zurfi na al'ada yayin da yake tura kiɗa gaba. Bayan aikinsa, Marsalis ya ba da littattafansa ga matasa masu kida na shirye-shiryen iliminsa, kuma ya girmama shi ta hanyar yin wa'azi ga masu sauraro na zamani yayin da yake yin rawar gani a gidan talabijin.

4. Alison Balsom (Bakar)

Baƙar fata ta Burtaniya Alison Balsom ta zama ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun mawaƙa masu kida na ƙarni na ƙarni. An haife ta a shekara ta 1978 a Hertfordshire, Ingila, Balsom ta yi karatu a Makarantar Kiɗa ta Royal kuma ta yi saurin bambanta da kanta ta hanyar wadataccen sautin magana da kuma umarnin fasaha na musamman. Ta yi rikodin shahararrun kundin kida daga waƙoƙin busa na Baroque zuwa ayyukan zamani, gami da haɗin gwiwa tare da ƙungiyoyin mawaƙa kamar London Philharmonic da Berlin Philharmonic. Saƙon sa na Haydn da Hummel trumpet sun sami yabo sosai don ladabi da bayyanarsu.

5. Glenn Miller (Trombone)

Glenn Miller ba kawai masanin wasan ba ne amma kuma daya daga cikin manyan shugabannin ƙungiyar ƙungiyar swing. An haife shi a shekara ta 1904 a Clarinda, Iowa, Miller ya fara buga wasan trombone tun yana yaro kuma daga baya ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Colorado. Ya yi aiki a matsayin mawaƙa mai zaman kansa kafin ya kafa ƙungiyar mawaƙa a ƙarshen 1930s. Sautin Miller wanda aka nuna ta hanyar sashin reed mai jagorancin clarinet da santsi, mai kyau, da kyau ya shirya tagulla ya zama sa hannu na zamanin. Hits kamar "In the Mood", "Moonlight Serenade", da "Chattano Choo Choo" sun kasance ginshiƙan babban ƙungiyar sauti. Miller's trombone yana wasa ne mai laushi da waƙa, yana tallafawa ƙungiyar ba tare da mamaye jirgin sama ba.

6. J.J. Johnson (Trombone)

An haifi J.J. Johnson a 1924 a Indianapolis, Indiana, ya fara buga trombone tun yana yaro kuma ya yi sauri ya mallaki kayan aikin. Ya sami fifiko a cikin shekarun 1940 yana wasa tare da manyan ƙungiyoyi karkashin jagorancin Benny Carter da Count Basie, amma isowar bebop ne ya ba shi damar sake bayyana abin da trombone zai iya yi. Saurin saurinsa, layinsa da fasaha mai kyau sun dace da saurin bebop, salon da aka mallaki da ƙaho da sautin ƙaho. Johnson ya yi rikodin tare da Clifford Brown, Sonny Stitt, kuma a matsayin jagora kamar su FLT:0.

7. Sarah Willis (Faransa)

Sarah Willis wata fitacciyar mawaƙa ce ta Faransa kuma memba ce ta Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra tun daga 2001. An haife ta a Tokyo a shekara ta 1968 ga mahaifin Amurkawa da mahaifiyar Burtaniya, Willis ta girma a cikin yanayin kiɗa mai wadataccen yanayi kuma ta yi karatu a Makarantar Kiɗa ta Royal da Makarantar Kiɗa ta Guildhall. Ta dumi, mai da hankali da hankali da hankali na kiɗa sun sa ta zama mai son mawaƙa da mawaƙa. Bayan ƙungiyar mawaƙa, Willis ta zama ƙaunataccen fuskar koyar da kidan mawaƙa. Ta shirya shahararrun bidiyo na kan layi, gami da jerin FLT:0 Horn Hangouts , inda ta lalata kidan mawaƙa na Faransa don masu farawa da masu sha'awar. Ta kuma shirya darussan ma'aikata da shirye-shiryen fitarwa na duniya, suna kawo farin cikin wasan kidan mawaƙa ga ɗalibai a duk faɗin duniya. Willis ta ƙunshi ruhun mawaƙa na zamani don isa ga ilimi da kuma samun damar duniya.

8. Dennis Brain (Ƙarƙashin Faransanci)

Dennis Brain shine mai yiwuwa mafi rinjaye dan wasan ƙaho na Faransa na karni na 20. An haife shi a 1921 a London a cikin sanannen dangin ƙaho, Brain ya sami horo daga mahaifinsa da kakansa. Ya shiga Royal Philharmonic Orchestra tun yana ƙarami kuma daga baya ya zama babban ƙaho na Philharmonia Orchestra. Kayan aikinsa mara kyau, sautin mai laushi, da babban rajista ba tare da ƙoƙari ba ya sake bayyana yiwuwar ƙaho. Sautin ƙaho na ƙaho na Mozart ya kasance alamun ƙaho na kundin, kuma ya kasance mai ba da shawara ga ayyukan zamani, musamman don ba da umarni ga Serenade na Benjamin Britten don Tenor, Horn da Strings. An takaita aikinsa a cikin 1957 lokacin da ya mutu a hatsarin mota yana da shekaru 36.

9. Maynard Ferguson (Buta)

Maynard Ferguson ya kasance mai karfin gaske wanda aka sani da wasan trumpet mai ban mamaki da kuma wasan kwaikwayon babban rukuni mai ƙarfi. An haife shi a shekara ta 1928 a Verdun, Quebec, Kanada, Ferguson ya fara buga ƙaho tun yana yaro kuma daga baya ya yi karatu a Conservatoire de musique du Québec. Ya shiga ƙungiyar Stan Kenton a matsayin matashi, yana mamakin masu sauraro tare da ikon sa na kunna ƙaho sama da zangon ƙaho na yau da kullun. A cikin shekarun 1950 da 1960s, Ferguson ya jagoranci ƙungiyoyin sa kuma ya sami suna don waƙoƙin lantarki. Albums na 1970 kamar Conquistador: 1 & 2MF HornFLT:3 sun ƙunshi shirye-shiryen jazz da ƙirar ƙira wanda ya yi kira ga masu sauraro. Manyan ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙira

10. Adolph Herseth (Ƙaho)

Adolph "Bud" Herseth shi ne babban fure na ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Chicago Symphony Orchestra na shekaru 53 masu ban mamaki, daga 1948 zuwa 2001. Haife shi a 1921 a Lake Park, Minnesota, Herseth ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Luther kuma daga baya a Makarantar Juilliard. Sautinsa mai ƙarfi, mai haske da daidaito mara iyaka ya zama ƙa'idar zinariya don buga fure na mawaƙa. A ƙarƙashin daraktocin kiɗa kamar Fritz Reiner da Georg Solti, Herseth shi ne mai ba da labari na ɓangaren mawaƙa na CSO. Ana nazarin ayyukansa na Mahler, Strauss, Stravinsky, da sauransu har yanzu a matsayin samfuran tsabta da iko. Herseth kuma ya koyar a Jami'ar Arewa maso Yamma da kuma bikin kiɗa na Aspen, yana jagorantar ƙarni biyu na mawaƙa na mawaƙa. Tawali'unsa da sadaukar da kai ga kiɗa na sirri sun kasance misali na ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren

Me Ya Sa Waɗannan Masu Sarrafa Suna da Muhimmanci

Kowane ɗayan waɗannan masu wasan kwaikwayo na lasifika sun ba da gudummawa ta musamman ga juyin halittar kayan aikin su, ko ta hanyar fasaha mai ban mamaki, ƙirar salo, ko ilimi mai ban sha'awa. Tasirin su na gama gari ya wuce zauren wasan kwaikwayo ko ɗakin rikodi. Sun tsara yadda muke ji da fahimtar kiɗan lasifika, daga tashin hankali na babban ƙungiyar solo zuwa ƙwarewar wani ɓangaren gargajiya. Rayuwarsu da aikinsu suna aiki a matsayin tushen nazari da wahayi ga masu wasan lasifika a kowane matakin.

Babban Gudummawar Masu Sarrafa Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyi

  • Kayan fasaha: [1] Kowane mai yin wasan kwaikwayon ya tura iyakokin jiki da ma'ana na kayan aikin sa. Armstrong ya fadada ƙamus na ƙaho; J.J. Johnson ya kawo saurin bebop zuwa ga trombone; Maynard Ferguson ya sake bayyana babban rajista; Dennis Brain ya kafa sabon misali don sautin ƙaho. Wadannan ci gaban fasaha suna ci gaba da rinjayar ilimin ilimin zamani.
  • Wadannan masu fasaha ba kawai suna wasa da kiɗa ba ne kawai sun bayyana nau'ikan. Miles Davis ya kirkiro dukkanin motsi a jazz. Sautin Glenn Miller na babban rukuni ya kama wani zamani. Wynton Marsalis ya haɗu da al'ada tare da dacewa ta zamani. Ana jin yatsunsu na kayan kwalliya a cikin rikodin da ba a lissafa ba.
  • Yawancin waɗannan masu yin wasan kwaikwayon sun ba da gagarumin kuzari ga koyarwa da jagoranci. Adolph Herseth ya koyar a manyan makarantun gargajiya; Sarah Willis tana amfani da kafofin watsa labarai na dijital don isa ga masu sauraro na duniya; Alison Balsom tana jagorantar darussan jagoranci da fina-finai na talabijin. Ayyukan ilimin su suna tabbatar da cewa kiɗan ƙarfe na gaba yana da ƙarfi kuma mai sauƙi ga tsararraki na gaba.
  • Rikodi na rikodi: [1] Ayyukan da aka rubuta su ne litattafan fasaha na yau da kullun. Albums kamar Kind of Blue, Jay Jay Johnson, da Dennis Brain na Mozart suna da mahimmanci don sauraron kowane ɗalibin ƙarfe mai mahimmanci. Waɗannan rikodin suna kiyaye abubuwan kirkirar su kuma suna ci gaba da ba da wahayi ga sababbin masu sauraro shekaru da yawa bayan ƙirƙirar su.
  • Tasirin Al'adu: Louis Armstrong ya karya shinge na launin fata kuma ya zama jakadan duniya don kiɗan Amurka. Ayyukan Glenn Miller na lokacin yaƙi sun haɗa kiɗa da kishin ƙasa. Miles Davis ya kalubalanci al'adun zamantakewa da na kiɗa. Waɗannan masu yin wasan sun wuce kayan aikin su kuma sun zama gumakan al'adu waɗanda tasirin su ya faɗaɗa cikin adabi, fim, da canjin zamantakewa.

Binciken aikin waɗannan masu wasan kwaikwayo na alama na iya zurfafa godiyar ku ga kayan kida na tagulla kuma ya kunna tafiyar ku ta kiɗa. Ko kuna wasa da tagulla da kanku ko kuma kawai kuna jin daɗin wadataccen sauti, labaran da nasarorin waɗannan mawaƙa suna ba da haske mai ƙarfi game da fasaha, horo, da sha'awar wasan kwaikwayon tagulla. Don ƙarin koyo game da waɗannan almara, la'akari da karanta tarihin su, sauraron rikodin su na asali, ko ziyartar amintaccen albarkatun kan layi kamar shigarwa na Britannica akan Louis Armstrong: 1, tarihin Miles Davis akan Britannica: 3, da kuma shafin hukuma na Wynton Marsalis a Jazz Center na Lincoln. Don ilimin zamani na tagulla, bayanin martaba na Alison Balsetta: 7 da 8 don masu zane-zane na yau da kullun a shafin yanar gizon Philharmonic, ba a taɓa ganin wannan ba.