Kayan Waƙar Gasa Kafin Yaƙe-yaƙe na Duniya

A cikin shekarun da suka gabata kafin 1914, kayan kida na tagulla sun ɗauki matsayi mai kyau a cikin kiɗa na gargajiya da na gargajiya. Orchestras sun nuna ƙaho, trombones, ƙaho na Faransa, da tubas tare da karuwa, yayin da ƙungiyoyin soja da na al'umma suka kawo sauti na tagulla zuwa bukukuwa da farati na jama'a. Yin kayan kida ya kasance sana'ar sana'a, wanda aka mai da hankali a cibiyoyin Turai kamar Markneukirchen (Jamus), Paris, da London, da kuma a Amurka a Elkhart, Indiana, da New York City.

Masu sana'a na ƙarfe masu ƙwarewa sun yi amfani da ƙaho na ƙarfe da hannu, suka juya bututu, kuma suka haɗu da bawul da kyau, suna samar da kayan aiki masu aiki da kyau. Buƙatar ta kasance mai ƙarfi amma mai tawali'u; masu kida masu sana'a da ƙungiyoyin soja sun ba da umarnin kayan aiki na al'ada, kuma kasuwar kayan aikin ɗalibai har yanzu tana da ƙaranci. Alloy da aka yi amfani da su a lokacin sun fi sauƙi: galibi cakuda tagulla da zinc, wani lokacin tare da ƙarfe mai ƙima, amma tare da ƙarancin daidaitawa. Shahararrun kamfanoni sun haɗa da FLT: 0 C. A. Wunderlich a Jamus, C.F: 1 a Faransa, Brasson: 4 Besson (wanda ya sabawa tsarin Besson don Ingila), da kuma TFL: 6 Hawk & 7 TFL: 5 a cikin ayyukan masana'antu.

Cornet, wanda ya mamaye ƙungiyoyin ƙarni na 19, ya fara rasa ƙasa ga ƙaho a cikin kida, kodayake cornet ya riƙe matsayinsa a cikin ƙungiyoyin soja da na al'umma. Valves na farko na piston, wanda aka haɓaka a farkon shekarun 1800, ya zama misali, amma yawancin kayan aikin har yanzu suna amfani da bawul mai juyawa musamman akan ƙahonin Faransanci da tubas.

Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya: Rashin Ƙarfafawa da Kuma Sabbin Abubuwa

Fashewar yakin duniya na farko a shekara ta 1914 ya kawo cikas ga cinikayya ta yau da kullun. An sake sake gina masana'antun da suka taɓa samar da ƙaho da trombones da sauri don kera kwalliyar kwalliya, ƙwanƙwasawa, da kayan aikin tagulla don amfani da soja. Rashin ƙarfe mai inganci ya tilasta masu kera kayan gwaji tare da madadin kayan aiki da hanyoyin samarwa. Misali, wasu kayan aiki sun yi amfani da nickel azurfa (ƙarin tagulla, nickel, da zinc) a matsayin maye gurbin kayan aikin tagulla na gargajiya wanda daga baya ya zama mai daraja saboda juriya da lalata da sautin haske. Kamfanin Jamus na nickel: J. H. Roth: J.

Bayanan Soja da Ƙa'idar Da Ake Bi

Kayan aikin jan ƙarfe sun sami sabon dalili mai gaggawa a fagen yaƙi. Kayan ƙarfe, kodayake kayan aiki ne mai sauƙi na jan ƙarfe mara bawul, ya zama kayan aiki na asali don watsa umarni ta hanyar hayaniya na bindiga.

Ƙirƙirar Ƙirƙirar Ƙira

Don biyan buƙatar soja na gaggawa don kayan aiki masu ɗaukar hoto da ƙarfi, masana'antun sun fara daidaita ƙira. Sojojin Amurka da Sojojin ruwa na Amurka sun ba da umarni da manyan adadin ƙirar ƙa'ida da ƙaho na filin, wanda ya ƙarfafa sauyawa zuwa fasahar samar da taro. An sauƙaƙe tsarin bawul don rage haɗarin shiga cikin laka da ruwan sama. Gwamnatin Jamus ta ba da umarnin dubban ƙaho na Kaiser tare da jan ƙarfe da ƙuƙwalwa mai kauri don tsayayya da amfani da filin. Kodayake ƙananan ɗakunan aiki da yawa sun rufe ko haɗu, waɗanda suka tsira sun fito da layin samar da takarda mai inganci da zurfin fahimtar ƙarfe. Misali, kamfanin Elkhartel na tsawon lokaci C.G. ConnFLT, wanda tun daga 187:55, ya samar da kayan aiki da aka ba da kayan aiki don inganta ƙirar ƙarfe da kuma inganta ƙirar ƙirar ƙarfe.

Ƙarfi da Kuma Samunsu Bayan Yaƙi

Bayan Armistice a 1918, wani surplus na soja-grade jan ƙarfe kida shiga farar hula kasuwanni. Surplus bugles, cornets, da trombones aka sayar a low farashin, sa ingancin kayan kida a hannun masu soyayya mawaƙa a karo na farko. Wannan influx taimaka ciyar da farkon jazz motsi da dance band craze na 1920s. Amurka kasuwar ga wani ambaliyar Regulation kayan kida daga irin su FLT:0 Holton da kuma FLT: 2 Buescher, da yawa daga cikinsu an asali sanya ga sojojin Amurka. Wadannan kayan aikin sau da yawa featured simplified keywork amma aka gina tare da wannan nauyi-gauge jan ƙarfe amfani a lokacin yaki samar, sa su exceptionally m kuma wani lokacin ma nauyi ga matasa 'yan wasa.

Shekaru na Tsakanin Yaƙe-yaƙe: Farfadowa da Ƙaruwa

Lokacin daga 1919 zuwa 1939 ya kasance mai canzawa ga zane da shahararren kayan aikin tagulla. Buƙatar ta tashi sosai yayin da jazz, big band, da kiɗa mai mahimmanci suka mamaye duniya. Kamfanin Conn a Elkhart, Indiana, tare da H. N. White (FLT:3) da Selmer FLT:5, sun faɗaɗa kayan aikin su cikin sauri. Masu ƙera sun gabatar da sababbin samfuran kamar trombone 36B da Bach Stradius (FLT:9).

Jazz da Juyin Juya Halin Gidan Gida

Jazz ya bukaci sauti mai haske, mafi zurfi fiye da sautunan da ke cikin ƙungiyar ƙarni na 19. Trumpeters kamar Louis Armstrong da FlaT: 1 da FlaT: 2 Bix Beiderbecke sun shahara mafi wayo, salon wasa mai bayyanawa. Masu kera kayan aiki sun amsa ta hanyar daidaita girman ƙaho, diamita na wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan. Tuba FlaT: 5 a hankali ya ba da wuri ga ƙirar ƙirar wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan wuyan

Ƙarfafawa ta Fasaha

Ci gaban tsakanin yakin ya hada da ingantaccen bawul na piston (misali, piston din da aka yi amfani da shi na FTL:0), maɓallan ruwa mafi kyau, da kuma daidaitaccen sautin faifai. An inganta zane na biyu-horn don ƙahonin Faransa a wannan lokacin, yana ba wa 'yan wasa fadi da daidaitaccen sautin. Kamfanonin Kruspe da Alexander a Jamus sun gabatar da murfin Geyer, wanda ya ba da damar saurin motsa hannu. Waɗannan sababbin abubuwa sun sa kayan aiki su zama masu aminci da sauƙi, suna ƙarfafa shirye-shiryen ilimi a makarantu.

Yadda Aka Kafa Ƙungiyar Waƙoƙi

A cikin United Kingdom, ƙungiyoyin ƙarfe na tsakanin yaƙe-yaƙe sun sami farfadowa saboda gasa da aka shirya ta Open na Burtaniya da kuma gasar cin kofin ƙasa na FLT:3. Masu yin kamar FLT:4 Besson da FLT:6 Hawkes & Son sun samar da kayan aiki musamman don ƙungiyoyin ƙarfe, gami da cornet na Besson New StandardFLT:9 da euphonium na Hawkes ImperialFLT:11. Wadannan ƙungiyoyin galibi sun ƙunshi ma'aikata, kuma kamfanoni da yawa sun tallafawa ƙungiyoyin su waɗanda suka ci gaba da al'adarsu har zuwa ƙarni na 20.

Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu: Ƙarin Tasiri da Canji

Yaƙin Duniya na biyu ya maimaita kuma ya ƙara matsin lamba na farko. A wani lokaci, an canza masana'antun kayan aikin tagulla zuwa samar da yakin.Connor ya samar da sinadarai masu linzami; Bach ya samar da sassan madaidaiciya don jiragen sama; Selmer ya yi sassan bindiga. Hukumar samar da yakin Amurka ta yi wajan sarrafa amfani da tagulla, zinc, da nickel, wanda ya tilasta masana'antun da su ba da fifiko ga umarnin soja akan kayan aikin farar hula.

Ƙarƙashin kayan da kuma maye gurbin

Tare da jan ƙarfe da aka daidaita sosai, masana'antun sun juya zuwa ƙarfe mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai azurfa mai

Ƙaddamar da Ƙungiyoyin Soja

Sojojin Amurka sun daidaita yawancin samfuran kayan aiki don sauƙaƙe kayan aiki. FTL:0 FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION FASHION F

Halaye da Labarai

Ganguna na jan ƙarfe sun kasance muhimmiyar mahimmanci ga yakin da aka yi na yada labarai da kuma kokarin halin kirki. Famous Glenn Miller Army Air Force Band (FLT: 0) da sauran kungiyoyin soji sun nishadantar da dakarun tare da manyan shirye-shiryen band, sau da yawa suna nuna sassan jan ƙarfe na har zuwa 'yan wasa takwas. Saƙo da watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo na waɗannan ƙungiyoyi sun gabatar da miliyoyin fararen hula da sojoji ga sautin jan ƙarfe. Yaƙin ya kuma haifar da ci gaban FLT: 3 a matsayin kayan aiki na solo a cikin jazz; an darajar da sautin sa mai sauƙi don ballads na ji. Bayan Pearl Harbor, an tsare masu kida na Jafananci-Amurka, amma da yawa sun ci gaba da wasa a cikin sansanin bands, suna kiyaye al'adun jan ƙarfe a rayuwa. A cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Pacific, an sauya fasalin Jafananci da aka kama kuma amfani da su da yawa da ƙungiyoyin Allied, suna kaiwa ga yanayin duniya na ɗaukar kayan ƙarfe.

Fitar da Fasaha Bayan Yaƙi

Binciken yakin da aka yi game da kera karfe, waldi, da kuma sauti ya sami aikace-aikace a cikin kayan aikin bayan yakin. Laser waldi da kuma aikin sarrafawa da aka haɓaka don sassan jirgin sama daga baya an daidaita su don samar da kayan aiki masu daidaituwa da kararrawa na tagulla marasa kyau. Samun karfe mara kyau da polymers masu ci gaba bayan yaƙin ya buɗe sabbin damar ƙira.

Abubuwan da Suka Auku Bayan Yaƙin Duniya da Kuma Gādon da Aka Ba Mu

Shekaru bayan 1945 sun ga fashewar samar da kayan aikin tagulla da amfani. GIs masu dawowa sun yi amfani da Dokar G.I. na FLT: 0 don halartar makarantun kiɗa, yayin da makarantun gwamnati a duk faɗin Amurka suka saka hannun jari a cikin shirye-shiryen ƙungiyar. Yunƙurin kiɗa na ilimi na FLT: 3 ya haifar da buƙatar kayan aikin ɗalibai masu araha, manyan kamfanoni kamar Yamaha (wanda ya fara samar da tagulla a cikin shekarun 1960s) don shiga kasuwa tare da samfuran tsada. Shugaban Yamaha ya koya yin kayan aiki ta ziyartar masana'antar Conn da Selmer, kuma layin farko na kamfanin, YTR YTR-2335 YFLT: 9, ya kafa sabbin ƙa'idodi ga ɗalibai.

Masana'antu da Masana'antu

Hanyoyin samar da taro da aka kammala a lokacin yaƙe-yaƙe sun ba masana'antun damar samar da kayan aiki a mafi ƙarancin farashi ba tare da sadaukar da inganci ba. Fuskar 37-Bach da FTL: 3 sun zama ƙa'idodin masana'antu, waɗanda ƙwararru da ɗalibai ke amfani da su.

Ci gaban Kimiyya

Ingantaccen ƙarfe ya ba masu yin kayan kwalliya nau'ikan gami: flt:0 rose brass flt:1 (ƙarin abun cikin jan ƙarfe don sauti mai dumi), flt:2 zinariya brass flt:3 (mai daidaitawa), flt:4 ja brass flt:5 (mai wadata), da kuma nau'ikan jan ƙarfe-zinc daban-daban, kowannensu yana ba da halaye daban-daban na ƙarfe. flt:6 azurfa plating ya zama sananne saboda sautin sa da tsayayyar sa. sabbin bawul na roba da kwandon ruwa sun rage kiyayewa. ci gaban flt:8 high copper allo bells flt:9 a cikin shekarun 1990 ya kara fadada zaɓuɓɓukan sautin da ake samu ga 'yan wasa. Misali, zamani flt:10 b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b

Yaduwar Duniya da Musayar Al'adu

Yaƙin Duniya na II, musamman, ya motsa dubban sojojin Amurka zuwa Turai, Asiya, da Pacific, inda suka kawo waƙar su tare da su. Bayan yaƙin, jazz da ƙungiyoyin tagulla sun sami tushe a Japan, Koriya ta Kudu, da Jamus. An sake farfado da al'adun ƙungiyar tagulla ta Turai ta hanyar tuntuɓar da kewayawar Amurka kuma daga baya tare da rock da pop. A yau, ana yin kayan aikin tagulla a kowace nahiya, tare da manyan cibiyoyin samarwa a China (FLT:2 Jinyin:3), Indiya, da Brazil, da kuma a cikin cibiyoyin gargajiya na Yammacin Turai. Kamfanin New York Trumpet da SchagerlFLT:6 (Austria) yanzu suna samar da kayan aikin al'ada don manyan masu fasaha, yayin da masana'antun kasar Sin ke ba da damar samun damar yin amfani da su ga masu farawa.

Ƙarin Ƙungiya da Sabbin Hanyoyi

Kayan aikin jan ƙarfe sun wuce asalin su na soja da na mawaƙa. Sun zama mahimmanci ga salsa (FLT: 0) (trumpets da trombones), FLT: 9ska (da up-stroke guitar rhythm wanda aka tallafawa ta sassan ƙaho), FLT: 4 funk (ƙananan hits na James Brown da Tower of Power), da kuma zamani na gargajiya na FLT: 7 (ƙwarewar fasahar jan ƙarfe, kamar multiphonics da fluttertonguing). Brass brass ya ci gaba da haɓaka, musamman a New Orleans inda ƙungiyar ƙarfe na biyu ta haɗu da jazz, funk, da hip hop. A cikin ƙarni na 21, mawaƙa kamar John Adams da John Adams sun rubuta ayyuka masu yawa na duniya da kuma ƙungiyoyin Clyde.

Yadda Yaƙe-yaƙe na Duniya Suka Shafin Kayan Waƙar Tagulla

  1. Yanayin kayan aiki a lokacin yaƙi ya tilasta kirkire-kirkire a cikin gami, maye, da fasahohin masana'antu waɗanda daga baya suka zama misali kamar slides nickel-azurfa da bawul na Monel.
  2. Bukatar soja ya kara muhimmancin kayan aikin tagulla don sadarwa, halin kirki, da nishaɗi, yana fallasa miliyoyin mutane zuwa wasa da sauraro, da ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar masu kida masu horarwa.
  3. Hanyoyin samar da taro da aka kafa ta hanyar buƙatar lokacin yaƙi sun sa kayan aiki su zama masu araha da daidaito, suna ba da gudummawa ga fashewar bayan yaƙi a cikin shirye-shiryen kiɗa na makaranta da ƙungiyoyin masu son sha'awa.
  4. FLT:0]] Bayan yakin basasa na al'adu da kuma motsi na mawaƙa na duniya sun fadada rawar kayan kida zuwa sababbin nau'o'i da ƙasashe, suna haifar da yanayin mawaƙa na duniya wanda ke ci gaba da haɓaka.

Yaƙe-yaƙe na Duniya biyu, duk da lalacewar su, sun kasance masu haɓaka canji na fasaha, masana'antu, da na kiɗa a duniyar tagulla. Fahimtar wannan tarihin yana taimaka wa 'yan wasa, masu tarawa, da masu sha'awar su fahimci kayan aikin da suke riƙe ba kawai a matsayin kayan aiki don kiɗa ba amma a matsayin shaida ga ƙarni na rikici da kerawa na ɗan adam. Don ƙarin karatu, bincika shigarwa na Britannica akan kayan aikin tagulla , tarihin kamfanin Conn-Selmer , da kuma gidan yanar gizon Horn History [[FLT]] wanda ke tattara juyin halittar kayan aikin tagulla. Don zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin zurfin