Table of Contents

Kayan aikin jan ƙarfe abubuwa ne masu buƙatar sauti. Suna ɓatar da kusan 90% na shigar da makamashi ta mai kunnawa azaman zafi, kuma kusan 10% ne kawai ke fitowa azaman sauti. Wannan rashin ingancin sauti yana sa su zama masu ƙwarewa ga yanayin muhalli da ƙirar ƙira - zafin jiki, danshi, sanya bakin, da kuma mahimmancin, madaidaicin tsayin ginshiƙin iska. Slides na daidaitawa na inji sune kayan aikin mai kunnawa na farko don sarrafa wannan tsayin, yana ba da kyakkyawan iko da ake buƙata don daidaita filin a cikin jerin jituwa da daidaitawa ga yanayin sautin da ke canzawa na ƙungiyar. Ba tare da slide na daidaitawa da daidaitawa da kyau ba, kayan aikin da aka tsara da ƙwarewa ba zai iya wasa cikin cikakken zangon sa ba.

Halin Fasahar Slides: Zafin jiki, Sautin, da Kuma Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin Saurin

Don fahimtar dalilin da yasa saitin slides yake da mahimmanci, yana taimakawa farawa da lissafin raƙuman ruwa. Ana ƙayyade mahimmancin mita na ginshiƙin iska ta hanyar saurin sauti da aka raba ta tsawon zango. Tsawon raƙuman ruwa yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da tsawon jikin bututun. Tsawance bututun yana rage saurin; gajarta shi yana ɗaga saurin. Wannan shine aikin inji na slide.

Zafin jiki da Saurin Sauti

Saurin sauti a cikin iska yana ƙaruwa da kimanin mita 0.6 a cikin dakika don kowane ɗumbin digiri 1 na Celsius a cikin zafin jiki. Lokacin da mai kunnawa ya fara wasa, kayan aikin yana dumama cikin sauri daga zafin jiki na ɗaki (kimanin 20 ° C) zuwa zafin jiki na numfashin mai kunnawa (kimanin 35 ° C). Wannan ƙaruwa na digiri 15 yana haɓaka saurin sauti da kusan 9 m / s, yana sa sa sa sa sa'a ya tashi sosai. Don ramawa, mai kunnawa dole ne ya jan babban slide na daidaitawa sau da yawa 2 zuwa 4 millimeters akan ƙaho, ko kuma mafi mahimmanci akan babban kayan aiki kamar tuba. Wannan biyan zafin jiki tsari ne mai ci gaba, mai motsi wanda ke faruwa a duk lokacin wasan kwaikwayon. Slide na daidaitawa na inji shine hanya ɗaya kawai mai inganci don yin wannan daidaitawar gross.

Ƙa'idar Da Ta Fi dacewa da Harkokin Halitta

Bayan zafin jiki, slides na daidaitawa suna magance matsala mai zurfi: rikici tsakanin jerin harmonica na halitta da tsarin daidaitaccen yanayi wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin kiɗan Yammacin zamani. Jerin sauti da kayan aikin tagulla suka samar da shi yana da tsabta ta lissafi (kawai intonation).

Sa'ad da mai kunnawa ya danna bawul, ana tura iska ta hanyar ƙarin bututu. Ana lissafin tsayin daka na farko na bawul uku ta amfani da ƙididdiga masu sauƙi, amma waɗannan ƙididdigar ba su da kyau a kowane rijista. Slides na bawul na farko (trigger ko zobba) yana ba mai kunnawa damar tsawaita bututun don takamaiman sautin da ke da kaifi, kamar na 1 na bawul G a cikin tsakiyar rijistar ƙaho. Slides na bawul na 3 yana ba da ƙarin tsawon da ake buƙata don daidaita ƙananan D da C #. Ba tare da waɗannan daidaitawar inji ba, kayan aikin jan ƙarfe zai kasance a kulle a cikin ɗayan, ɓataccen lokaci. Ikon canza tsarin bawul a cikin ainihin lokacin yana ba da damar yin amfani da ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfe a cikin zurfin bincike na fasaha na yau da kullun.

Tsarin Tsarin Slide: Nau'in da Ƙungiyoyin Hadin Kai

Ba dukan slides ba ne iri ɗaya. Tsarin su, wurin da suke, da kuma hanyar kunnawa sun bambanta sosai a cikin iyali na kayan aiki da kuma nau'in wasa.

Babban Slides na Saurin

Babban slide na saiti shine mafi girman U-shaped yanki na bututun, wanda ke located a gaban ko baya na kayan aiki, dangane da zane. A kan ƙaho, babban slide ne kusa da mai karɓar murya. A kan trombone, slide na saiti na farko galibi yana kan sashin ƙararrawa, a gaban ƙarar ƙararrawa. Ayyukansa shine yin daidaitawa mai yawa don matakin saiti na kayan aiki gaba ɗaya, yawanci ana saita shi akan ma'aunin saiti (yafi yawa A-440 Hz ko A-442 Hz a cikin saitunan kida).

Slides na daidaitawa na bawul

Waɗannan ƙananan slides ne da aka haɗa da kowane kwararar bawul. Dalilin su shine gyara intonation na takamaiman haɗin sautin. A kan kayan aiki na bawul guda uku na yau da kullun, slides na bawul na 1, 2, da na 3 kowannensu yana da ayyuka na daidaitawa daban-daban. slide na bawul na 2 yawanci shine mafi gajeren lokaci kuma yana buƙatar daidaitawa kaɗan, yayin da slide na bawul na 3 galibi shine mafi tsawo kuma yana buƙatar sauƙin sarrafawa ta mai kunnawa. A kan kayan aikin bawul guda huɗu kamar tuba ko euphonium, slide na bawul na 4 yana da mahimmanci musamman, saboda yana kula da intonation a cikin ƙananan da kuma rajistar pedal.

Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙ

Don ba da izinin daidaitawa ba tare da hannu ba yayin wasa, sau da yawa ana ba da slides tare da haɗin haɗin inji. A kan saddle mai kunnawa a kan saddle na bawul na 1 na ƙaho ana sarrafa shi ta yatsan hagu. Lokacin da yatsan hagu ya tura gaba, saddle ɗin yana faɗaɗa, yana rage sautin bayanan da aka buga tare da bawul na 1. An haɗa saddle na saddle na 3 na saddle na saddle na saddle na saddle na 3 da yatsan hagu, yana ba ɗan wasan damar jan saddle baya. A kan trombones tare da F-ƙulla, babban ƙarfin aiki ko mai kunnawa yana aiki da bawul na juyawa, kuma mai kunnawa yakan daidaita saddle mai dacewa yayin wasa, galibi yana amfani da hannun hagu don isa sama da daidaita saddle. Waɗannan haɗin haɗin inji suna canza saddle na saddle daga madaidaici zuwa kayan aiki mai ƙarfi wanda za'a iya amfani da shi don gyara sautin da kurakurai a ainihin lokacin da kuma daidaita sautin.

Dabarun Slide na Musamman na Musamman

Kowane kayan aiki na jan ƙarfe yana gabatar da ƙalubalen sautin kansa na musamman, kuma dole ne a tsara dabarun slide na daidaitawa daidai. Jagorar Yamaha Brass FLT:1 tana ba da cikakkun zane-zane don samfuran takamaiman, amma wasu ƙa'idodi na yau da kullun suna amfani da su a cikin iyalai.

Ƙaho da Ƙaho

Fuskar tana dogaro sosai da tsarin slide na bawul na 1 da na 3. Aikin daidaitawa ya ce ya kamata a kunna slide na bawul na 1 (a tura shi) don kowane bayanin kula da aka buga tare da bawul na 1 wanda ke cikin matsakaici da manyan rajista, musamman G5 da D6. Ana cire slide na bawul na 3 don ƙananan D5 da C#5. An cire slide na 3 don ƙananan D5 da C#5.

Ƙarfin ƙwayoyin cuta

Trombone na musamman ne saboda tsarin saurin sautinsa na farko shine slide na hannu, ba slide na sautin daban ba. Duk da haka, babban slide na sautin a kan sashin ƙaho yana da mahimmanci don saita sautin tushe na kayan aiki. Ga trombones na tenor tare da F-haɗe, slide na sautin F yana buƙatar daidaitawa mai kyau. Circuit na F ya fi ƙarfin kewaye na Bb, kuma slide na sautin ya biya kuɗin haƙuri da bambancin zafin jiki tsakanin ginshiƙan iska biyu. Trombones na bass suna ƙara firikwensin na biyu (yawanci Gb ko Eb) tare da slide na saitin kansa. Saboda slide na trombone yana ba da daidaitawa na tsawon lokaci, dole ne a saita slides na sautin a kan trombone tare da daidaito, saboda duk wani kuskure ne mai mahimmanci ga slide.

Ƙarshen Faransa

Ƙarƙashin ƙaho biyu inji ne mai rikitarwa tare da cikakkun nau'ikan bututu biyu (F da Bb). Yana da slides masu yawa na daidaitawa: ɗaya don gefen F, ɗaya don gefen Bb, da slides na mutum don kowane bawul na juyawa. daidaita waɗannan slides aiki ne mai ƙwarewa. Dole ne a daidaita gefen F da gefen Bb a cikin jituwa, wanda ke nufin cewa bayanin da aka buga a bangarorin biyu na ƙaho dole ne ya samar da sautin guda.

Tuba da Tsarin Gyara

Tuba tana gabatar da ƙalubalen daidaitawa mafi tsanani saboda dogon bututun ta da ƙarancin ƙirar sauti da ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar

Kayan Aiki, Yin Aiki, da Kuma Ƙarfafawa

Ayyukan slide na daidaitawa yana da tasiri sosai ta kayan da ya dace. Slides ana yin su ne daga nickel azurfa, jan jan jan ƙarfe, ko jan ƙarfe na zinariya. Nickel azurfa yana da daraja saboda tsayayyar lalata da kyawawan kaddarorin slide, yana mai da shi daidaitaccen kayan don slides na daidaitawa da slides na bawul. Yellow brass yana ba da damping mai kyau, yayin da zinariya brass (ƙarin jan ƙarfe) yana ba da duhu sauti amma yana iya zama mai laushi da kuma saurin ƙyama.

Ana auna haƙurin dacewa tsakanin slide na ciki da na waje a cikin dubun dubatar inci. Slide wanda ya yi tsananin ƙarfi zai ɗaure; wanda ya yi laushi sosai zai yayyafa iska kuma zai iya faɗuwa yayin wasa. Masu ƙera kayan aiki kamar ConnSelmer suna amfani da ƙwararrun zane-zane da hanyoyin lapping don cimma daidaitattun taper akan bututun slide na ciki, yana tabbatar da kusanci mai kyau a duk tsawon slide. "Slides na daidaitawa na daidaito, "inda aka daidaita diamita na bututun slide zuwa ga bututun kayan aiki, alama ce ta ƙwararrun samfuran. An tsara su don rage turbulence da kiyaye daidaitattun matsin lamba, wanda ke tasiri ga amsa kayan aiki da kwanciyar hankali na saurin motsawa a cikin slide na slide.

Hanyar da Za a Yi Amfani da Ita don Gyara Slides

Ingantaccen saiti tsari ne wanda ba za a iya cim ma shi ta hanyar saita babban slide na saiti ba kuma ka manta da shi.

  1. Yi wasa da dogon sautin na minti 510 don kawo kayan aiki zuwa yanayin zafin jiki mai daidaitawa. Kayan ƙarfe mai sanyi yana wasa a kwance; ƙarfe mai dumi yana wasa a hankali. Saita slide mai sanyi yana ba da tabbacin kayan aiki mai kaifi daga baya.
  2. Yi amfani da mai saurin lantarki wanda aka saita zuwa A-440 (ko kuma ka'idar ƙungiyar ku). Yi wasa da bayanin kula wanda ke tsakiyar zangon kayan aiki kuma yawanci yana da kyau, kamar layin F # na biyu akan ƙaho Bb.
  3. Saita babban slide: Saita babban slide don sa bayanin kula ya kasance a tsakiyar. Kada ku kalli mai sautin; saita kunne da kunne da farko, sannan ku tabbatar da gani. Wannan yana haɓaka ƙwarewar ji.
  4. Yi wasa da kowane bayanin kula wanda ke kunna kewayawar bawul guda ɗaya (misali, buɗe, na 2). Saita babban slide don buɗe bayanan. Sa'an nan kuma kunna bayanin kula wanda ke amfani da bawul na 1 a cikin rijistar tsakiya kuma bincika idan yana da kaifi. Idan haka ne, ya kamata a kunna kunna slide na bawul na 1. Saita jefawar kunnawa ko slide kanta idan ba a amfani da kunnawa.
  5. FLT:0]]Gwaji a duk faɗin zangon: Yi wasa da ƙananan, matsakaici, da manyan sautunan. Rubuce-rubucen ƙananan sau da yawa suna buƙatar ƙarin shimfidawar nunin faifai, yayin da babban rijista na iya zama mai kaifi. Saitin daidaitawa shine sulhu wanda ke fifita tsakiyar tsakiyar sautin kayan aiki.

Wannan tsari ba mai tsayayye ba ne. Dole ne a sake kimanta shi yayin da kayan aiki ke kara warming da kuma yanayin ya canza. Masu wasan kwaikwayo na sana'a sukan daidaita babban sautin saurin su kadan tsakanin motsi na symphony ko waƙoƙi a cikin saiti.

Ci gaba da Kulawa da Kimiyya na Lubrication

A tuning slide cewa ba ya motsi da yardar kaina ne a inji gazawar da ya sa da kayan aiki unplayable a cikin wani sana'a mahallin.

Tsabtace da Kuma Hana Rashin Tsatsaye

numfashin mai kunnawa yana da dumi da danshi kuma yana ƙunshe da ƙaramin adadin carbonic acid. A tsawon lokaci, wannan haɗuwa da ƙura da ragowar ƙarfe suna haɗuwa don ƙirƙirar fasto mai lalata a cikin slide. Wannan shine babban dalilin tsayawa slides. Tsarin tsaftacewa mai tsaurikowane watanni uku zuwa huɗu don 'yan wasa masu aikiYa ƙunshi cire slides, tsaftace bututun ciki da na waje tare da masana'anta mai laushi da ruwa mai dumi, sabulu, da bushe su sosai. Tsaftace sinadarai (wanin wanka na acid) da ƙwararren masanin gyara ya yi yana cire tarin ma'adanai waɗanda ba za a iya magance su da sabulu da ruwa ba. Wannan yana da ƙarfi a kan shekara-shekara don kayan aikin ƙwararru. Layer surface (azurfa, lac, ko albarkatun gwangwani) yana ƙayyade abin da ke da tsabtace kayan aiki. Ana iya yin amfani da siliki da siliki mai tsabta da ruwa mai tsabta, amma ana iya yin amfani da siliki mai kyau don kauce wa siliki, wanda zai iya haifar da tsabta

Yadda za a gyara slides masu ƙarfi da masu sassaucin ra'ayi

(FLT:0) Matattarar matattarar: (FLT: 1) Idan wani matattarar ya ja ko ya tsaya, mataki na farko shi ne bincika don ƙuƙwalwa ko lankwasawa. Ko da ƙarancin ƙuƙwalwa na iya sa matattarar ta ɗaure. Idan matattarar ta kasance madaidaiciya, batun galibi yana bushewa da kuma ƙonewa mai ƙonewa. Nishaɗin matattarar a cikin ruwa mai dumi (ba tafasa) na minti 15 na iya sauƙaƙa tsohuwar mai. Idan ya kasance a makale, kada ku tilasta shi. Tilasta matattarar da aka makale na iya juya ƙafafun matattarar ko ƙuƙwalwar bututun waje, yana buƙatar gyara mai tsada. Masanin fasaha yana amfani da kayan aikin motsawa na musamman waɗanda ke amfani da ƙarfi daidai ga ƙafa biyu.

FlT:0]]Slide mai laushi: FlT: 1]]Slide wanda ya yi haske sosai ko ya faɗi ya kusan zama matsala kamar wanda ya makale. Gyara yawanci ya ƙunshi ɗan matsi na ƙafafun slide. Wannan aiki ne mai laushi wanda masanin fasaha ya yi ta amfani da mai girman girma don dawo da madaidaicin taper. A halin yanzu, mai kauri, kamar kayan lanolin, na iya haɓaka ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙaran

Lubrication: FlT: 1 Zaɓin man shafawa yana da mahimmanci. Man shafawa na Teflon (Hetmans, Slide-O-Mix, Yamaha) suna ba da santsi, mai ɗorewa da kyakkyawan rufin iska ba tare da mannewa ba. Man shafawa na Lanolin (kamar wasu haɗin haɗin bututu) sun fi kauri kuma sun fi dacewa da tsofaffin kayan aiki tare da haƙuri mai sauƙi. Ya kamata a guje wa man fetur don amfani na dogon lokaci, saboda suna iya lalacewa a tsawon lokaci, juya gumi, da kuma kai hari ga laque.

Ka Yi Koyi da Sautin Sauti Ta Hanyar Gudanar da Slides

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