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Fahimtar Matsayin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyi

Ƙarƙashin Faransa yana da matsayi na musamman a cikin ƙungiyar mawaƙa, yana aiki a matsayin gada mai sautin tsakanin ƙarfe, iska mai iska, da sassan madauri. Warm, launi mai sautin sauti na iya narkewa cikin iska mai iska a wani lokaci kuma ya ba da ƙarfin hali, jarumi kira na gaba. Gane wannan yanayin biyu shine mataki na farko zuwa haɗin kai mai tasiri. Ana kiran masu wasan ƙaho sau da yawa don magance canje-canje masu saurin gaske, ɓangarorin solo da keɓaɓɓun tallafi. Ba tare da fahimtar yadda ɓangarenku ya dace da hangen nesa na mai gudanarwa ba, ya zama da sauƙi sosai don yin wasa, ƙarancin busawa, ko ɓata lokacin shigarku.

Masu rikodin daga Mozart zuwa Mahler sun yi amfani da ƙaho don ƙirƙirar sakamako mai ban mamakitunani game da kiran farauta a waje da mataki a cikin Beethoven's Symphony No. 3 ko sautunan sautunan da ke tashi a cikin waƙoƙin sautin Strauss. A kowane hali, mai ƙaho dole ne ya kasance a koyaushe ya san wanda ke da sautin, wane kayan aiki ke samar da layin bass, da yadda mai gudanarwa yake son siffar magana. Wannan yana buƙatar fiye da ƙwarewar fasaha; yana buƙatar tunanin haɗin gwiwa wanda ke fifita sauti na ƙungiyar sama da ɗaukakar mutum. A cikin saitunan ƙwararru, mai kunna ƙaho wanda ya haɗu da kyau kuma ya bi jagorancin mai gudanarwa za a sake hayar shi sau da yawa fiye da mai kunnawa wanda ba zai iya haɗuwa ba.

Ka Gina Dangantaka Mai Kyau da Mai Gudanar da Kai

Mai gudanarwa ba kawai mai kiyaye lokaci ba ne; su ne fassarar waƙar da kuma tushen tushen jagorancin fasaha. Ga mai kunna ƙaho, haɓaka girmamawa, sadarwa da dangantaka da mai gudanarwa zai iya canza atisaye daga zaman saitin rubutu mai rikitarwa zuwa abubuwan haɗin gwiwar yin kiɗa. Ga manyan fannoni don mayar da hankali.

Ka Yi Shirin Ka Daidai

Shirya shine tushen amincewa. Kafin gwaji na farko, koyi ɓangarenka a ciki da waje. * Bayanan kula, sautin, magana, da kuma kuzari. Auna kowane lokaci mai rikitarwa, shigarwa, ko wurare inda intonation ke da mahimmanci. Mai gudanarwa wanda ya ga cewa kun riga kun warware matsalolin fasaha na asali zai amince da ku don magance ƙalubalen kiɗa masu rikitarwa. Ku kawo fensir kuma ku share duk alamun da suka kasance ba su da mahimmanci; sassan tsabta suna nuna ƙwarewa. Hakanan, saurari rikodin kayan yayin bin ɓangaren ku, don ku fahimci yadda ƙahon ya dace da ƙirar ƙungiyar. Wannan saka hannun jari na farko yana ba ku damar mai da hankali kan haɗuwa da bin yayin gwaji maimakon yin faɗa da yatsunsu ko ƙwanƙwasa.

Ka Karanta Ƙa'idodin da Ba na Magana ba

Daraktoci suna sadarwa koyaushe ta hanyar nuna alama. Ƙananan ɗaga hannun hagu na iya nuna canji mai ƙarfi; ƙuntataccen kallo na iya nufin sauraron clarinets. Masu ƙaho, waɗanda galibi suna zaune a bayan ƙungiyar mawaƙa, dole ne su horar da kansu don kallon kowane lokacin gwaji, ba kawai lokacin da suke wasa ba. Idan ka rasa numfashin shiri na mai gudanarwa, shigarka zai yi latti ba tare da la'akari da yadda kake san rawar ba. Yi amfani da yin bincike tsakanin kiɗa da podium ba tare da rasa wurinka ba. Idan kuna gwagwarmaya, la'akari da zama a jere na gaba yayin wasan kwaikwayo don haɓaka wannan ƙwarewar. Hakanan, ku kula da numfashin mai gudanarwa sau da yawa yana ba da saurin da magana na dogon lokaci kafin downbeat.

Ka Ba da Kuma Ka Karɓi Bayyanawa da Tawali'u

Sadarwa ta bude hanya ce ta hanyoyi biyu. Idan ba ku da tabbacin alamar ko kuma kuna jin cewa wani sashi ba ya aiki, ku nemi mai gudanarwa don bayani. Amma ku faɗi tambayarku a hanyar da ta dace: Maestro, a cikin ma'auni 45, shin kuna son ƙarin tsarin legato ko ɗan rarrabuwa? Guji yin tambayoyi da ke kama da ƙalubale (Me ya sa muke wasa da shi ta wannan hanyar?). Abu mai mahimmanci shi ne karɓar ra'ayoyi da kyau. Idan mai gudanarwa ya nemi ku yi wasa da taushi, da ƙarfi, ko kuma da launi daban, ku tsayayya da sha'awar kare zaɓin ku na asali. Maimakon haka, ku ce Na gode, zan daidaita hakan kuma in yi canji. Bayan atisaye, ku lura da shugabancin ɓangarenku don ku tuna da shi don zamanku na gaba.

Ƙarfafa Haɗin Kai a Cikin Ƙungiya

Ƙungiyar ƙaho ƙaramar ƙungiya ce a cikin babban ƙungiyar mawaƙa. Ƙungiyar haɗin kai na iya samar da sauti wanda ya fi jimlar sassansa girma, yayin da ɓangaren da ba a tsara shi ba ya lura kuma yana jan hankali.

Matsayin Babban Karkiya

Babban ƙaho ya kafa salon sashin articulation, vibrato, phrasing, da matakan motsi. Idan ba kai ne shugaban ba, dole ne ka saurari jagoran shugaban da kyau kuma ka dace da shi. Wannan ba yana nufin kwaikwayon ba; yana nufin daidaita ingancin sautinka, numfashi, da niyyar kiɗa. Kafin atisaye, membobin sashen ya kamata su tattauna wurare masu rikitarwa tare. A lokacin atisaye, idan ba za ka iya jin shugaban a fili ba, canza kusurwar ku ko nemi saurin gudu a cikin wani lokacin da ya yi sanyi tsakanin ɗauka.

Hatsuwa da Fassara Tare

Daya daga cikin kayan aikin da suka fi dacewa don haɗin sashe shine numfashi mai aiki tare. Lokacin da duk sashe ke numfashi a lokaci guda, sautin da ya samo asali yana da haɗin kai da amincewa. Mark yana numfashi a cikin ɓangaren ku a matsayin rukuni, musamman a buɗe ƙofofi ko bayan hutawa. Yi aiki da numfashi tare a cikin sashe ko da idan kuna wasa da sautin daban-daban. Wata hanyar ita ce ta amfani da alamar hannu tare kafin hutawa don nuna numfashi na gaba. Wannan alamar ba ta magana na iya zama kawai ƙwanƙwasawa ko ɗan ɗaga ƙararrawa.

Sautin Cikin Sashen

Masu wasan ƙaho suna fuskantar ƙalubalen ƙira na yau da kullun saboda jerin sautunan. A cikin sashin, saurari bugun jini da daidaita matsayin slide ko fasaha ta hannu tare da haɗin gwiwa. Idan kai mai santsi ne ko kaifi, abokan sashin ku za su ji rashin kwanciyar hankali. Yi amfani da jirgin sama a lokacin sassan don daidaita daidaitattun daidaito. Lokacin daidaita daidaitattun daidaito a cikin gwaji, kada ku daidaita da piano kawai; saita juna. Idan wani ya kasance mai kaifi a kan wani bayanin kula, ambaci shi da kirki: Za mu iya sake gwada C a cikin girma talatin da bakwai? Ina tsammanin za mu iya kulle shi mafi kyau. An gina amincewa a kan waɗannan ƙananan, masu gaskiya musayar sashe.

Yin Aiki Tare a Iyalai Masu Yin Waƙa

Ƙarƙashin ƙaho na Faransa yana nufin cewa kana yin hulɗa da wasu masu kida a kai a kai.

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A cikin yawancin ayyukan ƙungiyar mawaƙa, ƙaho yana ninka clarinet ko layin bassoon. Wannan sau da yawa zaɓi ne na ƙira don ƙara wadata ba tare da ƙara ƙara ƙarawa ba. Lokacin wasa a cikin ninka, saurari ƙarfin da ƙirar mai kunnawa na katako. Idan kun kasance mai ƙarfi fiye da su, za ku lalata haɗuwa. Yi amfani da ƙarami, murya mai zagaye. Yi tunanin kuna raira waƙa ta hanyar ƙaho maimakon yin haskakawa. Idan mai kunnawa na katako yana amfani da wani nau'in vibrato (ko babu ɗaya), daidaita shi. A cikin hanyar da ke da bassoon, sautin ƙaho ya kamata ya zama ɗan duhu don haɗuwa cikin sauƙi.

Yin Aiki da 'Yan'uwanmu Masu Aikin Brass

Lokacin da ƙahon ya haɗu da ƙahon, trombone, da tuba a cikin wani ƙahon, dole ne ka daidaita ƙarfin tare da haɗuwa. Ƙahoni sau da yawa suna ba da muryoyin tsakiyar a cikin ƙahon ƙarfe; idan ka fita, ƙahon yana da ƙarfi ko kuma ɓoye. Yi amfani da kunnenka don daidaita da ƙahon ƙarfe na ƙarfe (tuba da trombone) don zagaye, kuma ka guji haske, ƙahon ƙahon. A cikin kiran ƙarfe na ƙarfe, kamar waɗanda suke a Wagner ko Bruckner, daidaita magana da shugaban sashen. Idan ƙahon suna amfani da ƙahon mai ƙarfi, dole ne ka daidaita shi; idan sun yi amfani da kaifi mai laushi, dole ne ka yi daidai da shi.

Yin Hadin Gwiwa da Kirtani

Masu amfani da igiya suna amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban na baka da kuma saurin vibrato. Lokacin da kake wasa da layi wanda igiyoyi ma ke wasa, sauraron jimlinsu. Idan suna amfani da jinkirin, fadi vibrato, sautinka ya kamata ya kasance mai dumi kuma mai dorewa. Idan suna amfani da wani tsananin bugun da aka raba, ya kamata ka daidaita magana. Mai gudanarwa zai iya tambayarka ka haɗu da igiya a cikin wani sashi. A wannan yanayin, ka sauƙaƙe motsin zuciyarka da ƙwanƙolin biyu kuma ka mai da hankali kan samar da duhu, ba shirye ba sauti. Rikodi da sake sauraron tare da belun kunne hanya ce mai kyau don bincika haɗinka.

Ka Yi Amfani da Ayyukan Nazarin da Suke da Inganci

Lokaci na maimaitawa yana da tamani, kuma kowane mawaƙa ya kamata ya yi ƙoƙari ya yi amfani da shi sosai.

Ka Fara Yin Bimbini a Kan Bayani Masu Muhimmanci

Kafin ka yi gwaji, ka gano sandunan da suka fi wuya a sashen ƙaho: waɗanda ke da ƙaho, da aka fallasa, da sauye-sauye masu wuya, ko kuma sauye-sauye masu sauri. Ka yi musu horo a hankali har sai sun kasance masu aminci. Idan mai gudanarwa ya daina aiki a kan wani sashi da ka sani, kada ka yi watsi da shi. Maimakon haka, ka saurari sashen da ke fama: za ka iya koyon wani abu game da daidaito ko magana da ake amfani da ita a wani wuri. Lokacin da mai gudanarwa ya nemi canji, kai tsaye ka haɗa shi cikin ɓangarenka.

Ka Yi Amfani da Fasaha don Amfaninka

Yawancin masu kida masu sana'a suna amfani da masu karanta kwamfutar hannu (kamar forScore) don adanawa da kuma rubuta waƙa. Idan kuna amfani da kwamfutar hannu, ƙirƙirar tsarin don yin alama da alamun jagora launi-coding alamar motsi, ƙara masu tunatarwa masu mannewa, ko haɗi zuwa rikodin. Idan kuna amfani da takarda, ku riƙe ƙaramin haske a cikin akwatin ku don ku iya karanta alamun a cikin haske mara kyau. Hakanan, la'akari da yin rikodin gwaji (tare da izini) don sake dubawa daga baya. Sauraron sake kunnawa na iya bayyana rashin daidaito da kuka rasa yayin wasa.

Ka Kasance da Ƙwazo a Lokacin da Ake Yin Tattaunawa

Idan ka yi tunani a kan wasu kayan kida, za ka iya yin amfani da fensir don ka rubuta kowane mataki na huɗu ko takwas na hutu. Ta haka, sa'ad da mai kula da kida ya kalli hanyarka, za ka kasance a shirye ka yi wasa.

Yin Hadin Kai da Matsaloli da Suka Kasance a Tsakaninmu

Ko da a cikin rukunin da suka fi sana'a, ana samun rikici da matsaloli.

Sa'ad da Bayani Ya Bambanta

Wataƙila kun yi nazarin sautin kuma kun sami ra'ayi mai kyau game da yadda za a furta wani sashi kawai don mai gudanarwa ya nemi wani abu daban. A wannan yanayin, hangen nesa na mai gudanarwa dole ne ya rinjayi. Wannan ba yana nufin ba za ku iya ba da shawara ba, amma ku yi haka a ɓoye, bayan gwaji, kuma ku furta shi a matsayin tambaya: Maestro, na lura cewa a cikin harafin gwaji C, ina da matsala don daidaita da iska ta itace. Shin zai taimaka idan na yi amfani da magana mai laushi? Yawancin masu gudanarwa suna maraba da shigarwar da ke nuna kuna tunani ta hanyar kiɗa.

Yadda Za Ka Bi da Matsaloli a Kan Hali

A wasu lokuta, za a iya samun matsin lamba a cikin tsarin sashe, musamman a cikin yanayin gasa. Idan kana da rashin jituwa tare da abokin aiki, ka riƙe shi a matsayin mai sana'a. Kada ka yi jita-jita; maimakon haka, nemi matsakaici daga darektan ko mai gudanarwa idan ya cancanta. Idan rikici ya shafi batun kiɗa, kamar wanda ke jagorantar wani wuri, bayyana matsayin da wuri. A cikin sashin da ya dace, babban ƙaho ya yanke shawararsamar da su shine aikinka. Idan salon darektan ya bambanta da naka, daidaita.

Gudanar da Tunanin Ayyuka a Cikin Aiki Tare

Jin tsoro na iya sa masu kunna ƙaho su yi sauri, su yi wasa da ƙarfi, ko kuma su busa da ƙarfi sosai kuma duk waɗannan suna shafar ƙungiyar. Kafin wasan kwaikwayon, yi motsa jiki na numfashi mai zurfi kuma ka gani kanka yana haɗuwa da kyau. A lokacin wasan kwaikwayon, dogara ga shirye-shiryenka. Ka mai da hankali ga bugun mai gudanarwa da sautin maƙwabtanka. Idan ka ji tsananin, rage ƙarfinka kaɗan har sai ka sake samun iko. Ka tuna cewa masu sauraro ba sa lura da ƙarancin ƙira ɗaya, amma za su lura idan ƙaho ya fito da zafi.

Ka Kasance da Ƙwarewa a Waƙar Don Ka Yi Aiki Tare da Mutane

Don ka yi aiki tare da mutane yadda ya kamata, kana bukatar ka san yadda ake yin waƙa sosai, kuma hakan zai sa ka kasance da ƙwazo sosai.

Nazarin da Nazarin Ƙididdiga

Ku dauki lokaci don nazarin cikakken waƙar mawaƙa, ba kawai ɓangarenku ba. Kuna iya samun ƙididdigar jama'a a shafukan yanar gizo kamar International Music Score Library Project. Duba abin da iska ta yi wasa lokacin da kuke da sautin da aka ci gaba; alama shigarwar su a ɓangarenku don ku san lokacin sauraronsa. Fahimtar tsarin jituwa yana taimaka muku hango abin da sautin ke buƙatar ƙarin kulawa don intonation. Idan kun ga cewa sautinku shine na uku ko na bakwai na wani ƙira, kun san yana buƙatar daidaitawa mai kyau.

Koyar da Ƙarfin kunne da Ƙwarewar Aural

Koyarwar kunne na yau da kullun, musamman ikon jin tazara da kuma ci gaban sauti na yau da kullun, yana sa daidaitawar sautin sauti ya zama na halitta. Yi amfani da aikace-aikace kamar Teoria (theoria.com) ko shafukan yanar gizo na koyar da kunne na aiki. Hakanan, yi aiki da wasa tazara tare da drone: riƙe wani rubutu yayin da drone ya canza zuwa wani sautin sikelin daban, don haka zaku ji yadda sautin ya canza. Wani motsa jiki mai ƙarfi shine daidaita sautin tare da oboe ko clarinet yayin warming-up, sannan kuyi ƙoƙarin riƙe wannan sautin a cikin sautin yayin da suke wasa da sauran sautin a kusa da ku.

Ka Rubuta Kanka Don Ka Daraja Kanka

A halin yanzu, yana da wuya a yi la'akari da haɗin kai. Ka rubuta aikinka a lokacin wani sashe ko gwaji (kuma, tare da izini) kuma ka saurari shi da kyau. Ka tambayi kanka: Shin ƙofar da na shiga ta kulle da iska ta itace? Shin matakin da na yi na aiki ya dace? Shin na yi gaggawa? Yin nazarin kanka da gaske yana saurin girma. Zaka kuma iya kwatanta aikinka da rikodin sana'a na wannan yanki don jin yadda ake sa ran sautin ƙaho.

Ƙarshen

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Don ƙarin karatu game da haɗin gwiwar ƙungiyar mawaƙa da fasahar ƙaho, bincika albarkatu daga Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar